A sample of hard water contains the following salts per litre $\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{2}=17 \mathrm{mg}$, $\mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{2}=18 \mathrm{mg} . \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}=120 \mathrm{mg}$. Calculate the temporary and permanent hardness of water in ppm (molar mass of $\mathrm{Ca}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{2}=162, \mathrm{Mg}\left(\mathrm{HCO}_{3}\right)_{2}=146$. $\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}=111$ ).
Explanation
Temporary hardness can be removed by boiling the water, while permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling. The total hardness of water is an important parameter in determining its suitability for various applications.
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